Daniel 11

By John Thiel, Daniel 11 Series, Study 5, mp3

Through our previous researches in this Daniel 11 series we have seen how the angel Gabriel worked behind the scenes together with Michael the Archangel (see Daniel 10:12-14, 21). Michael and Gabriel orchestrated very systematically the events in the fall of the Grecian Empire and the rising of the Roman Empire. During the reign of Augustus Caesar, he, the raiser of taxes, brought in the opportunity for Jesus Christ to be born in the Augustan Age, the golden era of the Roman Empire (see Luke 2:1-7). Joseph and Mary had to travel all the way from Bethlehem because that was where their roots were; and that is where Jesus was born. As we read previously, Gabriel was the one who was talking to Elizabeth, the mother of John the Baptist, and then to Mary. Gabriel was working with the people that were to be particularly involved with the birth of Jesus. Jesus finally came down; Michael the archangel came as a little babe in this drama of earth’s history, working upon the hearts and lives of the human race towards a particular and ultimate objective. Jesus lived for thirty whole years before He commenced His ministry. During those thirty years, what happened in the Roman government?

Daniel 11:20 Then shall stand up in his estate a raiser of taxes [in] the glory of the kingdom: but within few days he shall be destroyed, neither in anger, nor in battle.

Augustus Caesar died the natural death of an old man.

Daniel 11:21 And in his estate shall stand up a vile person, to whom they shall not give the honour of the kingdom: but he shall come in peaceably, and obtain the kingdom by flatteries.

As Jesus was growing up Augustus Caesar came to his death, and his step-son, Tiberius, came into power. Tiberius Caesar was a vile person. It was not the will of Augustus Caesar for Tiberius to be his successor, but Livia, the wife of Augustus, had a son to a previous husband, and that son was Tiberius. Augustus said to his wife who was trying to promote Tiberius as his successor, “Your son is too vile to wear the purple of Rome.” This is exactly what the Bible points out. A vile person would come into the position of emperor. Augustus wanted a very capable man called Agrippa to be his successor, but Agrippa died. So Augustus was brought into a straight place and finally, through the encouragement of Livia, his wife, Tiberius was named as his successor. Tiberius actually took his position as co-princeps with Augustus while he was still alive. He was not a very attractive person for this honourable position, and the senate was not very pleased with Tiberius, but as it says, he came in by flatteries.

“During the remainder of the life of Augustus, he [Tiberius] behaved with great prudence and ability, concluding a war with the Germans in such a manner as to merit a triumph. After the defeat of Varus and his legions, he was sent to check the progress of the victorious Germans, and acted in that war with equal spirit and prudence. On the death of Augustus, he succeeded, without opposition, to the sovereignty of the empire: which, however, with his characteristic dissimulation, he affected to decline, until repeatedly solicited by the servile senate.” {Encyclopedia Americana, vol.12, “Tiberius”}

He was a very shrewd operator. He caused the senate to want him and flatter him, and finally by flatteries he came into power, although he had already been reigning together with Augustus before his death. This is what is so interesting, the detail of the events. God has revealed the mental behaviour of these people and how He orchestrated this mental behaviour to come to His particular conclusions.

Daniel 11:22 And with the arms of a flood shall they be overflown from before him, and shall be broken; yea, also the prince of the covenant.

The Prince of the Covenant

Here is a direct reference to a very important person – the prince of the covenant. As Jesus was growing up, there was this drama of Augustus and Tiberius that we were just reading about. Tiberius came in by flatteries, he was a vile person; but he finally came to his end, and then it says, Yea, also the prince of the covenant. This verse 22 is making reference to the prince of the covenant, who also came to his end at a similar time as Tiberius Caesar. Who is the prince of the covenant? Let us establish this scripturally. Here is the covenant that God made with Abraham:

Genesis 17:4 As for me, behold, my covenant [is] with thee, and thou shalt be a father of many nations.

The covenant that God made with Abraham had to do with Abraham and many nations. That is why the study of Daniel 11 brings in the nations and all that is connected with it.

Genesis 17:6 And I will make thee exceeding fruitful, and I will make nations of thee, and kings shall come out of thee. 7 And I will establish my covenant between me and thee and thy seed after thee in their generations for an everlasting covenant, to be a God unto thee, and to thy seed after thee.

He then describes that He will give the land of Canaan as an everlasting possession.

Genesis 17:9 And God said unto Abraham, Thou shalt keep my covenant therefore, thou, and thy seed after thee in their generations.

The covenant that was made with Abraham is identified again in Jeremiah 31:31-33, where it says that God will make a covenant with the people by writing His law in their hearts. In Galatians 3:8-29 we can identify that Jesus was indeed the prince of that covenant that God made with Abraham.

Galatians 3:8 And the scripture, foreseeing that God would justify the heathen through faith, preached before the gospel unto Abraham, [saying], In thee shall all nations be blessed. 9 So then they which be of faith are blessed with faithful Abraham. 10 For as many as are of the works of the law are under the curse: for it is written, Cursed [is] every one that continueth not in all things which are written in the book of the law to do them.

The apostle Paul here describes that activity of the covenant; and he then says:

Galatians 3:13 Christ hath redeemed us from the curse of the law, being made a curse for us: for it is written, Cursed [is] every one that hangeth on a tree: 14 That the blessing of Abraham might come on the Gentiles through Jesus Christ; that we might receive the promise of the Spirit through faith.

Jesus Christ is brought in, in this scripture, as the actual prince of this covenant, by which all who are going to be partakers of the covenant are going to be connected.

Galatians 3:15 Brethren, I speak after the manner of men; Though [it be] but a man’s covenant, yet [if it be] confirmed, no man disannulleth, or addeth thereto. 16 Now to Abraham and his seed were the promises made. He saith not, And to seeds, as of many; but as of one, And to thy seed, which is Christ.

Christ is the actual prince of this covenant.

Galatians 3:18 For if the inheritance [be] of the law, [it is] no more of promise: but God gave [it] to Abraham by promise. 19 Wherefore then [serveth] the law? It was added because of transgressions, till the seed should come to whom the promise was made; [and it was] ordained by angels in the hand of a mediator.

This is very interesting. Angels were part of the exercise, and also Jesus Christ – Gabriel and Michael.

Galatians 3:26 For ye are all the children of God by faith in Christ Jesus. 27 For as many of you as have been baptized into Christ have put on Christ. 28 There is neither Jew nor Greek, there is neither bond nor free, there is neither male nor female: for ye are all one in Christ Jesus. 29 And if ye [be] Christ’s, then are ye Abraham’s seed, and heirs according to the promise.

Jesus Christ is the prince of the covenant. Hence the words of Daniel chapter 9. As we are studying, do you notice that we are again seeing the day star arising through prophecy? Jesus, the Prince of the covenant, is interacting with the nations of the world, because the covenant was made for whoever will believe in Him. Even the heathen, who were being orchestrated by Michael the Prince, would be affected by Him when He would come down onto this planet and live a life among us. Then the Prince of the covenant would come to His end; when? Very closely to the time of Tiberius’ end, as we will see. In the previous vision of Daniel 9 we see a wording directly related to this situation:

Daniel 9:24 Seventy weeks are determined upon thy people and upon thy holy city, to finish the transgression, and to make an end of sins, and to make reconciliation for iniquity, and to bring in everlasting righteousness, and to seal up the vision and prophecy, and to anoint the most Holy.

The covenant is here identified.

Daniel 9:25 Know therefore and understand, [that] from the going forth of the commandment to restore and to build Jerusalem unto the Messiah the Prince [shall be] seven weeks, and threescore and two weeks: the street shall be built again, and the wall, even in troublous times. 26 And after threescore and two weeks shall Messiah be cut off, but not for himself: and the people of the prince that shall come shall destroy the city and the sanctuary; and the end thereof [shall be] with a flood, and unto the end of the war desolations are determined.

Daniel 11

As you can see, this is all interlacing with Daniel 11. After threescore and two weeks Messiah should be cut off. What did we read about Tiberius? He would be broken; he would be cut off, “yea, also the prince of the covenant.” Jesus is the Prince of the covenant.

When was Jesus baptised? When was He baptised as the Messiah?

Luke 3:1 Now in the fifteenth year of the reign of Tiberius Caesar, Pontius Pilate being governor of Judaea, and Herod being tetrarch of Galilee, and his brother Philip tetrarch of Ituraea and of the region of Trachonitis, and Lysanias the tetrarch of Abilene, 2 Annas and Caiaphas being the high priests, the word of God came unto John the son of Zacharias in the wilderness. 3 And he came into all the country about Jordan, preaching the baptism of repentance for the remission of sins;

It was at this occasion, in the fifteenth year of Tiberius Caesar, that Jesus was baptised. In Daniel 9 it says that Jesus would fulfill His work:

Daniel 9:27 And he shall confirm the covenant with many for one week: and in the midst of the week he shall cause the sacrifice and the oblation to cease,

Indeed, when Jesus was thirty years of age He commenced His ministry; and three and a half years afterwards, in 31 A.D., Jesus was crucified. And in 34 A.D., the conclusion of the time period of the Jews’ seventy weeks took place, and in 37 A.D. Tiberius Caesar died.

The League with Rome

In the midst of the week Jesus would cause the sacrifice and the oblation to cease,

Daniel 9:27 …and for the overspreading of abominations he shall make [it] desolate, even until the consummation, and that determined shall be poured upon the desolate [margin: upon the desolator].

Rome, the desolator that finally desolated the city of Jerusalem and the Jewish nation, is here identified, “And for the overspreading of abominations he shall make it desolate.”

Daniel 11:23 And after the league [made] with him he shall work deceitfully: for he shall come up, and shall become strong with a small people.

The Bible, in this vision, all of a sudden reverts back to another time before this event. In this verse the vision turns its attention back to the time when Rome was a small people. As we have seen in previous studies, the Grecian Empire was then still in control of the north and the south, and Rome would come in to assist the king of the south (Egypt). This vision takes a look back into this time, when the league was made with him. Here is a reference made to a “league,” and this is the main subject of this study – the rise of Rome and its league with Israel. The Jews had been oppressed by the Syrians, the king of the north, and the king of the south, travelling through their land, also oppressed them; and there was Rome, starting to come across from the West as a separate nation. As the leaders of the Jews were noticing this they thought, We might receive some protection from the Romans. So in B.C. 161 they made a league with the Romans.

“The decree of the senate concerning a league of assistance and friendship with the nation of the Jews. It shall not be lawful for any that are subject to the Romans, to make war with the nation of the Jews, nor to assist those that do so, either by sending them corn, or ships, or money; and if any attack be made upon the Jews, the Romans shall assist them as far as they are able; and again, if any attack be made upon the Romans, the Jews shall assist them. And if the Jews have a mind to add to, or to take from, this league of assistance, that shall be done with the common consent of the Romans. And whatever addition shall thus be made, it shall be of force. … This decree was written by Eupolemus, the son of John, and by Jason, the son of Eleazer, when Judas was high priest of the nation, and Simon, his brother, was general of the army. And this was the first league that the Romans made with the Jews, and was managed after this manner.” {Flavius Josephus, Antiquities of the Jews, book 12, ch.10, sec.6}

What were the Jews doing? They were doing the exact opposite to what God had directed them to do. They should never have entered into a league with other nations, but they did. This small people, the Romans, who were now gathering the strength to develop an empire, made a league with the Jews to be their protectors. As always Israel looked to man for support and this was their demise.

A Time

As Rome comes to its power, after the league was made, it then continues:

Daniel 11:24 He shall enter peaceably even upon the fattest places of the province; and he shall do [that] which his fathers have not done, nor his fathers’ fathers; he shall scatter among them the prey, and spoil, and riches: [yea], and he shall forecast his devices against the strong holds, even for a time.

This is a prophecy. And this time, in this prophecy, there is a mention made of “a time.” When that word time is used in the Bible as a time measurement, it means a year.

How was Rome developing its power? Not by conquest, not by warfare, but by creeping into the lives of other nations, as they did with Egypt when they supported them against the king of the north. They did it differently to their forefathers. The other nations and empires conquered by way of war. But these people conquered with strategy. Here was a forecast made that as they would do so, they would commence in power at a certain date, and would continue to reign “even for a time.” Another reading for the latter part of the verse is, “And he shall forecast his devices from the strong holds, even for a time.” This is the work of the Romans. They are now going to take over the provinces that are around them and continue for a time. When prophecy speaks of time, it refers to a year. We therefore conclude that one year equals 360 days, and 360 prophetic days equal 360 literal years. That is precisely the time of the power of the Roman Empire. This period started from the date when Rome was finally in control of all the realms, after its final battles with the king of the south, and continued to the point in time when it finished its rule as a world power.

Daniel 11:25 And he shall stir up his power and his courage against the king of the south with a great army; and the king of the south shall be stirred up to battle with a very great and mighty army; but he shall not stand: for they shall forecast devices against him. 26 Yea, they that feed of the portion of his meat shall destroy him, and his army shall overflow: and many shall fall down slain. 27 And both these kings’ hearts [shall be] to do mischief, and they shall speak lies at one table; but it shall not prosper: for yet the end [shall be] at the time appointed.

What are we reading here? The conflict spoken of here between the king of the south and the Roman leadership is a very complicated event. As we saw previously, Julius Caesar came down and fraternised with Cleopatra. But the final conflict between the king of the south and Rome was actually via Augustus and Anthony. After Julius Caesar went back to Rome and was assassinated, the control of the Roman kingdom was under a triumvirate consisting of Augustus (then called Octavia), Anthony and Lepidus. The three of them were in control of the Roman kingdom. What transpired was that Anthony returned to Egypt and he fell in love with Cleopatra. He had been married to Augustus’ sister, but he became infatuated with Cleopatra, as had been Julius Caesar before him. Now developed antagonism between Mark Anthony and Augustus – a war developed between the two. Cleopatra with Anthony were fighting to be able to take the kingdom, and Augustus came down with a great display of glory, as it is written, “He shall stir up his power and his courage against the king of the south with a great army; and the king of the south shall be stirred up to battle with a very great and mighty army; but he shall not stand.”

To cut a long story short, as Anthony and Cleopatra developed their arsenal, they had both footmen and navy. Cleopatra’s ship was fantastic and decked out with great glory. Anthony’s ships were all decked out wonderfully as well. They had the majority against Augustus. But Cleopatra was of course a woman, and as the battle was beginning to start, she turned the ship away and withdrew. That demoralised the whole Egyptian army, navy, and Anthony himself too, because he was infatuated with her. She was turning her ship back to Egypt, so he did too. Augustus then routed the whole Egyptian fleet. When the armies heard what was going on, they all went over to Augustus, and finally Cleopatra and Anthony took their own lives.

The end shall be at the time appointed – What does this mean? Finally Augustus managed to completely conquer the king of the South – Egypt, which was Cleopatra and Anthony, who had attached himself to her. Now there was total control of the Greek Empire; this was the last vestige of the Grecian domain. From that battle in B.C. 31, we add 360 years (the time prophecy given in verse 24), and it takes us to A.D. 330. It was in this year that Rome was replaced as the head of the empire by Constantinople. There is the 360 years.

Augustus

After Augustus had won the battle with Cleopatra,

Daniel 11:28 Then shall he return into his land with great riches;

He took the wealth of Egypt with him after that battle.

Vespasian

Daniel 11:28 …and his heart [shall be] against the holy covenant; and he shall do [exploits], and return to his own land.

After the battle with Anthony, Augustus returns to Rome to rule. Then Augustus gave way to his step-son, Tiberius. After Tiberius died, there was Caligula, then Claudius, and Nero.

Then we read that Vespasian’s heart would be against the holy covenant. “And his heart shall be against the holy covenant; and he shall do exploits, and return to his own land.” Here is the description of what happened under the emperor Vespasian. His heart shall be against the holy covenant. Remember the covenant that God had made with Abraham that Canaan would be the land? What did Vespasian do? This is the activity of Rome upon Jerusalem. Vespasian committed to Titus, his general, the charge of dealing with Jerusalem. Titus was now to destroy Jerusalem. Judah had made a pact with Rome which would finally turn upon them and destroy them, because they were relying upon the agreement of Rome.

Deuteronomy 28:49 The LORD shall bring a nation against thee from far, from the end of the earth, [as swift] as the eagle flieth; a nation whose tongue thou shalt not understand; … 52 And he shall besiege thee in all thy gates, until thy high and fenced walls come down, wherein thou trustedst, throughout all thy land: and he shall besiege thee in all thy gates throughout all thy land, which the LORD thy God hath given thee.

The land which the Lord had given Israel as a covenant, because of their league with Rome, was now to be attacked. It was under Vespasian that the words were fulfilled, He shall be against the holy covenant. This is what we read in Daniel 9:26. The desolator would desolate the city.

We have seen in Daniel 11 the interplay between Rome and Judah. Rome came and Judah used the opportunity to help themselves against the vestiges of the Grecian Empire. But that league that the Jews had entered into with Rome finally turned against them. During the time of Jesus’ life here on this planet, in Jerusalem, in the holy land, we see Him according to prophecy identifying to His hearers what was to happen in the future.

Genesis 49:10 The sceptre shall not depart from Judah, nor a lawgiver from between his feet, until Shiloh come; and unto him [shall] the gathering of the people [be].

Judah would remain as a power within itself in league with Rome. Rome never conquered Judah; they were in league together. But shortly after Shiloh (Jesus) came, Judah would lose its kingship power. Rome indeed came to destroy Jerusalem because Shiloh had been rejected by the Jews.

In League with Caesar

The orchestrations of Michael and Gabriel had come to a point now that even the Jewish nation was being affected so that they should make a choice. And the choices that they made were going to affect their future, just like the choices that all the empires of the past made had affected them. Michael and Gabriel were interacting with them.

Now Michael, Shiloh, your Prince, the Prince of the covenant with Abraham, came to His own people to affect them. If they would have accepted Him and made a choice to follow Him, they would have been a great nation. However they opposed their own King. They had a league with Rome. Remember the words of Pilate when he was with Jesus? He said to the Jews, “Shall I crucify your King?” They said, “We have no king but Caesar.” They leagued with Caesar, the desolator, and desolated their own King. As you pause to think upon all this, you can see how Jesus finally makes another appeal to them, and then has to leave them. He has come down to Jerusalem on a donkey’s back, and He says,

Matthew 23:37 O Jerusalem, Jerusalem, [thou] that killest the prophets, and stonest them which are sent unto thee, how often would I have gathered thy children together, even as a hen gathereth her chickens under [her] wings, and ye would not! 38 Behold, your house is left unto you desolate. 39 For I say unto you, Ye shall not see me henceforth, till ye shall say, Blessed [is] he that cometh in the name of the Lord.

The house of Israel is going to be left desolate. Indeed, the desolator, Rome, would come and desolate it. Here was a visible people who rejected their Lord, and the judgement took place upon Israel. The pagans would also be desolated ultimately, but more invisibly. Jesus would not be actually visibly there, He would be behind the scenes. But both would be destroyed.

Matthew 11:20 Then began he to upbraid the cities wherein most of his mighty works were done, because they repented not: 21 Woe unto thee, Chorazin! woe unto thee, Bethsaida! for if the mighty works, which were done in you, had been done in Tyre and Sidon, they would have repented long ago in sackcloth and ashes. 22 But I say unto you, It shall be more tolerable for Tyre and Sidon at the day of judgment, than for you.

The destruction of the desolators will be less severe and unpleasant than it was for the Jews.

Matthew 11:23 And thou, Capernaum, which art exalted unto heaven, shalt be brought down to hell: for if the mighty works, which have been done in thee, had been done in Sodom, it would have remained until this day. 24 But I say unto you, That it shall be more tolerable for the land of Sodom in the day of judgment, than for thee.

Jesus is crying over His people and is warning them, “Gabriel and I are working the nations for them to receive their punishment and desolations; and when their desolations come, it will be more tolerable for them than for you who are going to be terribly desolated.” Jesus is giving the warning. In the following scripture, the disciples were listening to Him and they turned to Him and asked Him a question. Jesus here displays the desolation of the Jews and continues with the future desolations that were to take place:

Not One Stone

Matthew 24:1 And Jesus went out, and departed from the temple: and his disciples came to [him] for to show him the buildings of the temple. 2 And Jesus said unto them, See ye not all these things? verily I say unto you, There shall not be left here one stone upon another, that shall not be thrown down. 3 And as he sat upon the mount of Olives, the disciples came unto him privately, saying, Tell us, when shall these things be? and what [shall be] the sign of thy coming, and of the end of the world?

Jesus told them that not one stone of the temple would be left upon another, and that is precisely what happened when Titus came down. The army was told explicitly not to destroy the temple, but one of the soldiers accidentally threw in a torch and it burned down the whole temple. As the temple burned, the gold that was covering the walls and stones was melting, and it melted in between the stones of the temple. So to recover all that gold, they later pulled down one stone off another to make sure that they could catch all the gold. It took place just as Jesus had said.

The Continuing Desolations

Matthew 24:14 And this gospel of the kingdom shall be preached in all the world for a witness unto all nations; and then shall the end come.

The gospel of Jesus Christ is what He came to initiate.

Matthew 24:15 When ye therefore shall see the abomination of desolation, spoken of by Daniel the prophet, stand in the holy place, (whoso readeth, let him understand:) 16 Then let them which be in Judaea flee into the mountains: 17 Let him which is on the housetop not come down to take any thing out of his house: 18 Neither let him which is in the field return back to take his clothes. 19 And woe unto them that are with child, and to them that give suck in those days! 20 But pray ye that your flight be not in the winter, neither on the sabbath day: 21 For then shall be great tribulation, such as was not since the beginning of the world to this time, no, nor ever shall be. 22 And except those days should be shortened, there should no flesh be saved: but for the elect’s sake those days shall be shortened.

Jesus makes here a fleeting statement that covers the entire desolating influences of what transpired under Rome and then to the end of the world – a terrible time of trouble that commenced from the time that Jesus finished His work here on earth as the Messiah and went back to heaven to do His work. There is a period of desolation that takes place. After the Romans desolated the Jews, what does it say? When Jesus talked about the abomination of desolation, spoken of by Daniel the prophet, this is what he was referring to:

Daniel 9:27 And he shall confirm the covenant with many for one week: and in the midst of the week he shall cause the sacrifice and the oblation to cease, and for the overspreading of abominations he shall make [it] desolate, even until the consummation, and that determined shall be poured upon the desolator [margin].

This sweeping statement takes us from the time of Jesus, when He had warned them that Jerusalem would be destroyed by the desolations of Rome, to the final desolations of the very Romans themselves. Jesus said to the apostles, I have told you before that when it comes to pass you know it is I. What will happen to the desolator? It would be desolated.

Daniel 7:26 But the judgment shall sit, and they shall take away his dominion, to consume and to destroy [it] unto the end.

In the study of Daniel 7 you are here at the position of the Roman Empire having changed hands to become the papal Roman Empire. As Rome was pillaged and destroyed and changed hands to papal Rome, it says that ultimately, during the judgement, at the end, his dominion is to be consumed and destroyed unto the end.

Daniel 7:27 And the kingdom and dominion, and the greatness of the kingdom under the whole heaven, shall be given to the people of the saints of the most High, whose kingdom [is] an everlasting kingdom, and all dominions shall serve and obey him. 28 Hitherto [is] the end of the matter. As for me Daniel, my cogitations much troubled me, and my countenance changed in me: but I kept the matter in my heart.

We see very vividly that Daniel 11 links up with the statements of Daniel 7, 8, 9 and 10. We see the orchestration of Michael the Prince together with Gabriel. Jesus was on earth as He was saying these things and He said, Now, as the future continues, there is going to be a desolation of even the prince of the Romans and all their history. The Roman Empire would be consumed, “and that determined shall be poured upon the desolator.” Jesus is doing something from the time that He caused the sacrifice and the oblation to cease, “and for the overspreading of abominations he shall make it desolate, even until the consummation.”

Jesus Would Make the Desolator Desolate

Jesus would make it desolate. From the time of Christ was the beginning of the end. The abomination shall make Jerusalem desolate, until the consummation, and that determined shall be poured upon the desolator. Here we see Jesus your Prince, the Prince of the covenant, Messiah the Prince, Michael the Archangel, the Angel of the covenant. He is also identified as the priest in the heavenly sanctuary.

Revelation 8:3 And another angel came and stood at the altar, having a golden censer; and there was given unto him much incense, that he should offer [it] with the prayers of all saints upon the golden altar which was before the throne. 4 And the smoke of the incense, [which came] with the prayers of the saints, ascended up before God out of the angel’s hand. 5 And the angel took the censer, and filled it with fire of the altar, and cast [it] into the earth: and there were voices, and thunderings, and lightnings, and an earthquake.

When the ministry of Jesus Christ as our High Priest concludes He throws down the censer and there are thundering, lightnings, earthquakes and hail. This is the final desolation of the last plagues, when Jesus finishes His ministry. Can you see the day star arising in this prophecy? As we understand the history, we come to our point in time. The desolations that Jesus commenced from the time He left this earth can be traced down to the final desolations in the end. In our next study we will be look at the detail of Christ dismantling the Roman Empire, and the rising of the papal Roman Empire, and the destruction that continues to take place right to the very end. May God help us understand this.

Amen.